Mitigation of Health Effects in Older Adults With Hypertension by Reducing Exposure to Heat and Air Pollution

Conditions studied

Hypertension Arterial, 65 Years Older

About this study

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the effectiveness of an intervention (combination of behavioural recommendations and technical measures) in reducing personal exposure to heat and air pollution and related health effects in older adults with hypertension. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the intervention (combination of behavioral recommendations for heat mitigation) reduce personal ambient temperature exposure, measured using a wearable device (iButton)? * Does the intervention (combination of behavioral recommendations for air pollution mitigation and use of indoor air cleaners) reduce indoor exposure to air pollution, measured using indoor air quality sensors (Purple Air)? * Does the intervention (combination of behavioral recommendations for heat mitigation) improve the abnormalities in circadian blood pressure variation experienced by older adults with hypertension, assessed using advanced actigraphy? Researchers will compare measurements between older adults with hypertension carrying out their daily activities in the absence of intervention (control group), those carrying out their daily activities with behavioural recommendations (recommendation intervention group) and those carrying out their daily activities with both behavioural recommendations for heat mitigation and continuous use of indoor air cleaners in their house (heat and air pollution mitigation intervention group) to see if changes in temperature exposure and sleep are different between intervention groups. Participants will: * Wear the wearable devise for continuous personal ambient temperature monitoring (ibutton) daily for a period of three months * Have their core temperature measured using an eCelsius medical capsule in three repeated assessments * Have their blood pressure, oxygen saturation, ECG and heart rate variability measured using 24-hour advanced actigraphy in three repeated assessments * Provide samples of urine and blood biomarkers in three repeated assessments.

Interventions

• Behavioral: Heat intervention — The participants in this group of intervention will receive timely personal alerts for high temperatures and specific recommendations to reduce exposure to heat by changing patterns of time spent and physical activity performed outdoors, regulating indoor temperature using fans and/or air conditioning devices, as well as recommendations for mitigation of heat-related health effects (hydration, body cooling) in written and animated format, through mobile phones, web application and online tools to be developed by the project research team.
• Behavioral: Heat and air pollution mitigation intervention — The participants in this intervention group will receive alerts and recommendations as in group "Heat intervention" and, in addition, continuously use air cleaners with HEPA filters for removing PM from indoor air in their residences and workplaces

Primary outcomes

• Percentage dipping in night-time systolic blood pressure (SBP) (Percentage dipping (Dipping %=([Mean Daytime SBP-Mean Night-time BP]/Mean Daytime SBP)×100) in night-time SBP will be assessed at baseline, middle (after 1 month), and at end of the observation period (after 2 months).)

Eligibility information

Study locations

• Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
• Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain