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Arm 1, healthy controls: Inclusion Criteria: * Have access to the online study platform. Exclusion Criteria: * under 18, non-English speaking Arm 2: pain and depression: Inclusion Criteria: * Pain or depression Exclusion Criteria: * pregnant women

Inclusion Criteria * PRE-REGISTRATION: Age ≥50 years at time of pre-registration visit according to participant report and/or clinical determination * PRE-REGISTRATION: First, primary diagnosis of stage I-IIIa breast cancer according to participant report and/or clinical determination * PRE-REGISTRATION: Post-surgery and completed primary treatment (i.e., surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy) 3-36 months prior to registration according to participant report and/or clinical determination * PRE-REGISTRATION: Sedentary except for casual lifestyle recreation defined as self-reporting no more than 90 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise within the last 6 months * PRE-REGISTRATION: Self-reported ability to complete assessments by themselves or with assistance * REGISTRATION: Age ≥50 years as confirmed via clinical determination * REGISTRATION: Able to provide medical record release to confirm eligibility * REGISTRATION: First, primary diagnosis of stage I-IIIa breast cancer as confirmed via clinical determination * REGISTRATION: Post-surgery and completed primary treatment (i.e., surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy) 3-36 months prior to pre-registration as confirmed via clinical determination * REGISTRATION: No evidence of possible cognitive impairment as assessed using the Telephone Interview of Cognitive status (13-item modified version) (TICS-M; score \> 21) NOTE: Only individuals who pass the TICS-M during pre-registration will be invited to participate in the urine substudy * REGISTRATION: Receive physician's clearance to participate in an exercise program NOTE: Individuals with conditions/diagnoses deemed important by the primary investigator will be required to provide clearance for exercise from their cardiologist. Example conditions include: * History of major multiple myocardial infarctions (MI) * Recent electrocardiogram (ECG) changes or recent MI * Resting or unstable angina * Significant multivessel coronary occlusion (≥ 70%) on angiography * Uncontrolled and/or serious arrhythmias * 3rd degree heart block * Acute congestive heart failure or ejection fraction \< 30% * REGISTRATION: Ability to complete assessments by themselves or with assistance Exclusion Criteria: * PRE-REGISTRATION: Stage 0 breast cancer diagnosis OR metastatic disease * PRE-REGISTRATION: Currently receiving or \< 3 months since receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer, or greater than 36 months post primary treatment * PRE-REGISTRATION: Planned surgery during the intervention period * PRE-REGISTRATION: Second cancer diagnosis (excluding non-invasive skin cancers or carcinoma-in-situ for any cancer) * PRE-REGISTRATION: Unable to travel regularly to the study locations for intervention sessions and data collection * PRE-REGISTRATION: Unwilling to return to enrolling institution for follow-up * PRE-REGISTRATION: Self-reported inability to walk without assistance or devices * REGISTRATION: History of stroke, transient ischemic attack, other neurological disorders, or brain surgery involving tissue removal as confirmed via clinical determination * REGISTRATION: Clinically significant TICS-M score (\< 21) during baseline procedures * REGISTRATION: Not able to provide physician re-clearance for exercise if required based upon clinically significant baseline exercise test (as determined by ECG and blood pressure monitoring) * REGISTRATION: Contraindications to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in accordance with the Mayo Clinic Department of Radiology safety protocols * REGISTRATION: Clinically significant MRI scan as determined by physician review in which the following is advised via radiologist overread: remarkable/abnormal limited diagnostic brain image with recommended medical follow-up * REGISTRATION: Enrolled in another physical activity program * REGISTRATION: Unable to walk without assistance or devices * REGISTRATION: Unwilling to complete study requirements * REGISTRATION: Unwilling to be randomized to the exercise group or health education group * REGISTRATION: Unable or unwilling to continuously wear and regularly sync/charge an activity tracker during the study period * REGISTRATION: Unable to travel regularly to the study locations for intervention sessions and data collection * REGISTRATION: Unwilling to return to enrolling institution for follow-up

Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects must be 18 years and older * Subjects must have a diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus * Subjects must be available to participate in all clinical sessions with the following parameters: * Subject must be willing to wear 1 sensor on each upper arm simultaneously. * Subjects must be willing to have their glucose levels manipulated in each in-clinic visit. * Subjects must be able to follow the instructions provided to him/her by the study site and perform all study tasks as specified by the protocol. * Subjects must be willing and able to provide signed written consent. * Subjects must be able to speak, read and write English. Exclusion Criteria: * Known allergy and not able to tolerate to medical grade tape adhesive. * Presence and unresolved of extensive skin changes/diseases at sensor wear site(s) that preclude wearing the sensor(s) on skin * Subjects who have or are female of child-bearing potential age: * Has a positive pregnancy screening test * That plans to become pregnant during the course of study. * Diagnosed with hemophilia or any other bleeding disorders * Acute or chronic kidney disease * Currently managed by dialysis or anticipating initiating dialysis during the course of study. * Current or know history of coronary artery or cardiovascular disease that is not stable with medical management thromboembolic disease. * Any condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, would interfere with their participation in the study or pose excessive risk to study staff. * Prior to enrollment, subject has had: * Severe hypoglycemia within past 6 months. * History of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) within the past 6 months, * History of a seizure disorder within the last 6 month * Hypoglycemia unawareness. * Severe diabetes related complications. * Required or scheduled to have a Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI) scan, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, or diathermy during the study wear period. * Plans to donate blood during the course of the study * Insulin-dependent type 2 subjects that receive sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2 inhibitor) treatment\[14\] * Hematocrit (Hct) level lower than the normal reference range * Weight less than 110 pounds (50 kg) * Participated in another clinical trial within 2 weeks prior to screening * Unable to follow clinical protocol for the duration of the study or is otherwise deemed unacceptable to participate in the study per the Investigator's clinical judgment.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Subject has diabetes 2. Subject is ≥18 years of age 3. Subject has a smartphone that is internet enabled 4. Subject is able to comply with study protocol tasks and understand written and verbal instructions in the investigator's opinion 5. Subjects is willing and able to provide written signed and dated informed consent Exclusion Criteria: 1. Subject is critically ill or hospitalized 2. Prior use of CGM defined as: * No more than 1 week of continuous CGM use in the last 6 months, and * At least 4 weeks of continuous use of CGM in the last 12 months or 12 weeks total use in the past 3 years. 3. Subject has a known contraindication to dexamethasone or dexamethasone acetate 4. Subjects requiring intravenous mannitol or mannitol irrigation solutions 5. Subject is on dialysis at the time of enrollment 6. Female subjects who are pregnant, planning on becoming pregnant or nursing

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults 18 years of age or older * Must meet all AAO-HNS 2020 criteria for definite or probable Meniere's Disease * Must have a skin test positive for allergy * Is already a candidate for treatment with montelukast for allergic rhinitis/failed first line over-the-counter allergy treatments Exclusion Criteria: * Had a previous surgical procedure for treatment of vertigo * Currently receiving any allergy immunotherapy or taking montelukast or a beta-blocker * Pregnant or recent pregnancy ((≤ 8 weeks postpartum), or lactation) * Current hospitalization for any reason * Any active, acute, or chronic pulmonary disorder other than asthma * History of intubation for asthma

Inclusion Criteria: * Health volunteers 18 years and above; equal numbers of males and females to address Sex As a Biological Variable (SABV); and in sinus rhythm. * Agree to commit to participate in the current protocol. * Provide written informed consent prior to any study procedures being performed (all subjects should be able to understand the informed consent form and any other documents that subjects are required to read). Exclusion Criteria: * Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent * Any other condition that would increase the risk of participation in the study in the opinion of the site Investigator. * A difference of \>10 mm Hg in left versus right arm oscillometric systolic BP. * Upper extremity arteriovenous hemodialysis shunt. * Wrist distortion or pain from arthritis. * Prior trauma or surgery at the radial artery monitoring site.

Inclusion Criteria: * untreated as well as currently treated hypertensives * rs587168 allele carriers * not on more than two anti-hypertensives * normal renal, metabolic, electrolyte, and CBC laboratory tests * self-identified Black race * age \>17 yrs. Exclusion Criteria: * known cardiac disease other than HTN * renal, circulatory or neurologic diseases * diabetes * smoking * secondary HTN as indicated by history, physical examination or screening blood and urine tests * smoking * any drug therapy, except for anti-hypertensives and stable thyroid medication replacement

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient is ≥ 18 years-old at the time of consent to participate this trial * Stage II - III primary triple negative breast cancer patients(TNBC), TNBC is defined as ER \<=1%, PR \<=1%；HER2 receptor IHC=1, or IHC=2 and FISH negative. * positive ctDNA after curative surgery and/or adjuvant chemotherapy * ECOG 0-2 * If indicated, patient agree to receive adjuvant radiotherapy according to the institutional guidelines * Patient receives adjuvant chemotherapy according to the NCCN guidelines * Patient has available tumor tissue from the surgical specimen for next generation sequencing(NCS) * Patient agrees to give blood samples for ctDNA tests every 3 months in 5 years Exclusion Criteria: * Patient has previously received any PD1/PDL1 blockage treatment * Pregnant or breast-feeding (lactating) women or women who plan to become pregnant or breast-feed during the trial * Patient with distant metastases of breast cancer beyond regional lymph nodes (stage IV according to AJCC 8th edition) * Patient participates another interventional clinical trial * Patient has a concurrent invasive malignancy or a prior invasive malignancy whose treatment was completed within 3 years before randomization * Patient with autoimmune disease preventing the use of camrelizumab * Patient has any other concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled medical condition that would, in the Investigator's judgment, cause unacceptable safety risks, contraindicate patient participation in the clinical trial or compromise compliance with the protocol

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged ≥60 years; 2. T2D with suboptimal glycemic control defined as HbA1c 7.1-10%; 3. Chinese ethnicity; 4. Comorbid with insomnia having ISI score \>10; 5. Able and willing to give informed written consent Exclusion criteria: 1. Cognitive impairment (HK-MoCA score of ≤22); 2. Depression (GDS-15 score \>8) and other psychiatric disorders e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, restless leg syndrome, schizophrenia to be elucidated by history from research nurse and questionnaires; 3. Benign prostatic hypertrophy by history and/or elevated PSA and any other chronic medical condition that is likely to affect sleep e.g. chronic pain; 4. Concurrent use of hypnotic drugs, psychotic medications and any drugs that are known to affect sleep; 5. Cerebrovascular accidents, vascular dementia, or any condition that are known to affect cognitive function; 6. Shift workers; 7. Haemoglobinopathies, renal failure, need of regular blood transfusion or any other conditions which will affect the validity of HbA1c in measurement of glycemia; 8. Any condition, as judged by the investigators, as ineligible to participate in this study.

Inclusion Criteria: * Lean: BMI \< 25 kg/m * Normal insulin sensitivity: (calculation based on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in blood) * Middle-aged: 18-79 years * Blood pressure: \< 140 (systolic) and \< 90 mmHg (diastolic * Weight stable (+/- 5 lbs) for the previous 3 months * Participants must be willing and able to discontinue taking any vitamin C or E supplements or omega-3 fatty acids beginning 2 weeks prior. * Able and willing to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Diabetes mellitus Type I or Type II: fasting glucose \< 126 mg/dL and/or HbA1c \< 6.5% * Current smoker or History of smoking in the past 3 months. * Hyperlipidemia: Fasting triglycerides \< 250 mg/dL * Hypertension: \>130/80 mmHg * History of heart disease (e.g., myocardial infarction, stent, heart attack, stroke, heart failure, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy) * History of vascular disease (e.g., bypass, stroke)

Inclusion Criteria: * invasive breast cancer * HER2 negative * T2 or node positive * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) 0-1 Exclusion Criteria: * stage IV * inflammatory breast cancer * Severe chronic disease

Key Inclusion Criteria: * Clinical history of T1D with \> 5 years of duration of insulin dependence * At least two episodes of documented severe hypoglycemia in the 12 months prior to enrollment * Stable diabetic treatment * Consistent use of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) for at least 3 months before Screening and willingness to use CGM for the duration of the study Key Exclusion Criteria: -Prior islet cell transplant, organ transplant, or cell therapy Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patient \>18 years old * Treated with OMA, prescribed by a pulmonologist , for at least 33 months for severe allergic asthma * Well controlled with the treatment (ACT score ⩾ 18) and having experienced no more than one exacerbation in the year preceding inclusion. An exacerbation is defined as an oral or injectable steroid course for at least 2 days and/or a minimum doubling of the usual steroid dose for at least 2 days for steroid dependent patients Exclusion Criteria: * Patient refusing to stop OMA treatment, whatever the reason * Patient with other reason other than good asthma control to stop OMA, such as a side effect, planned or ongoing pregnancy, or planned switch to another step 5 asthma treatment (mepolizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, reslizumab, daily oral steroids, bronchial thermoplasty, …) * Patient not covered by Health Insurance * Patient under curatorship, guardianship or safeguarding of justice * Patient whose adherence to asthma treatments is considered poor or questionable by the investigator * Patient participating in another intervention research * Pregnant or lactating patient * Patient refusing to sign consent

Inclusion Criteria: * depressive disorder, anxiety disorder or somatic symptom disorder (with comorbid depressive or anxiety disorder) according to German version of the DSM-5 (SCID-5-CV, Beesdo-Baum et al., 2019) as main diagnosis * informed consent to participate voluntarily in the study * sufficient German language skills to understand the patient-report questionnaires Exclusion Criteria: * acute suicidality * diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform, schizoaffective disorders, and/or psychosis NOS * bipolar disorder * depressive disorder with mood-incongruent psychotic features * paranoid/ schizotypal/ borderline/ or antisocial personality disorder * severe neurological disorder * PTSD with intrusive re-experiencing * clinically relevant substance dependence * psychopharmacological treatment other than antidepressants * other simultaneous psychological treatments * organic cause of depression/anxiety or drug-induced depression/anxiety

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 12 years and up. * Able to provide informed consent. * Medical care at Mount Sinai. * Receiving a biologic medication or immune modulator at Mount Sinai, or considered an appropriate negative control or comparison participant by the study team.

Randomized Controlled Trial Eligibility: All trial participants will be autonomous adults who are capable of participating in the study Inclusion Criteria: * English-speaking men and women aged 18 years or older * Not adopted (i.e., have information about their biological relatives) * Have access to internet and a computer, tablet, or smartphone * Documented pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in an inherited cancer gene that has CRM guidelines listed in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Genetic/Familial Panel focused on Breast, Ovarian, and Pancreatic or Colorectal cancers * Must meet at least one of the following criteria: * Intervention A (GeneSHARE) criteria: Have at least one at-risk adult, living relative who either: * has not been told about the genetic test result by the participant * has not had their own genetic testing * Intervention B (LivingLabReport) criteria: Are non-adherent (i.e., either undertreatment or overtreatment) to at least one of the current NCCN CRM guidelines or if currently adherent, require ongoing cancer screening VUS Pilot Study Eligibility: All VUS pilot study participants will be autonomous adults who are capable of participating in the study. Eligibility criteria include: * English-speaking men and women aged 18 years or older * Not adopted (i.e., have information about their biological relatives) * Have access to internet and a computer, tablet, or smartphone * Documented VUS in an inherited cancer gene

Inclusion Criteria (Target group) * Adult patients carrying melanoma, breast or lung cancer BM of new diagnosis * Patients eligible to SRS-GK treatment Inclusion Criteria (Control group 1) \- Adult patients carrying melanoma, breast or lung cancer without BM Inclusion Criteria (Control group 2) * Adult patients carrying intracranial extra-axial benign tumor * Patients eligible to SRS-GK treatment Exclusion Criteria: * Acute or chronic liver disease * Severe anemia (Hb \<8g/dl) * Pregnant or breastfeeding patient * Pediatric patients * Patients not able to express informed consent

Inclusion Criteria: * Liver cirrhosis * Indication for TIPS insertion * Treatment at the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology of Hannover Medical School * Informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy or Lactation * Age \<18 years * Lack of Informed consent * Symptomatic anemia with Hb \<7g/dl

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 30-65 years 2. Men and women 3. Body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 45 kg/m2 4. Sedentary (1 day or less per week of structured exercise) 5. Type 2 diabetes mellitus determined by self-report or by a fasting glucose \>126mg/dl 6. Weight stable (± 2 kg) for prior 3 months 7. Willing to commit to the schedule of assessment visits, including the exercise intervention Exclusion Criteria: 1. Currently taking insulin, injectable incretin mimetics and thiazolidinediones 2. Taking more than two glucose-lowering medications 3. Resting blood pressure ≥ 160/100 mm Hg 4. Triglycerides ≥ 500 mg/dL 5. Any renal, cardiac, liver, lung, or neurological disease that in the opinion of the principal investigator would compromise participant safety or the participants' ability to complete the exercise training protocol 6. Any significant disease or unstable medical condition (i.e., coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, chronic hepatic disease, severe pulmonary disease) 7. Presence of clinically significant abnormalities on electrocardiogram (ECG) that is a contra-indication to exercise training 8. Pulse check ("Allen test") indicates participant has poor blood flow in the hands 9. Cancer (active malignancy with or without concurrent chemotherapy; except for basal cell carcinoma) 10. Pregnancy during the previous 6 months, lactating, or planned pregnancy in the next year 11. Use of drugs known to affect energy metabolism or body weight: including, but not limited to orlistat, sibutramine, ephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, corticosterone, etc 12. Current treatment with blood thinners or anti-platelet medications that cannot be safely stopped for testing procedures 13. Participant is currently taking anti-inflammatory medication or has had inflammatory medication within 1 week prior to screening (including over the counter formulations: e.g. Aleve, Motrin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, low dose ASA. 14. New onset (\<3 months on a stable regime) hormone replacement therapy 15. Current use of beta-adrenergic blocking agents 16. Major surgery on the abdomen, pelvis, or lower extremities within previous 3 months 17. Increased liver function tests (AST/ALT/GGT/or alkaline phosphatase greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal) 18. Abnormal blood count/anemia, blood transfusion or blood donation within the last 2 months 19. Current smokers (smoking within the past 3 months prior to screening visit, including any/all tobacco products) 20. Current drug or alcohol abuse/dependence 21. Metal implants (pace-maker, aneurysm clips) based on investigator's judgment at screening 22. Not physically capable of performing the exercise required of the study protocols 23. Plans to be away \>2 weeks in the next 3 months 24. Unable to participate in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) assessments due to physical limitations of equipment tolerances (e.g. MRI bore size) based on investigator's judgment at screening. 25. Unable to tolerate MRI or claustrophobia. 26. Nickel allergy 27. Lidocaine allergy 28. Unable or unwilling to communicate with staff or to provide written informed consent

Inclusion Criteria: * Singleton pregnancy * Presence of at least 1 high-risk factor or 2 moderate-risk factors for pre-eclampsia Exclusion Criteria: * \>14 weeks gestation * Multiple pregnancy * History of heart disease, stroke, or peripheral arterial disease * Infectious diseases/conditions, such as Hepatitis B/C, HIV, and COVID19